Can the UDOO run KANO OS (http://www.kano.me/downloads)? Or any other OS that works on a normal Raspberry Pi?
I would say myself, yes and no. You can't use the sd image made for the raspberrypi and use it with the udoo. But it looks like kano is debian linux with extra package installed, so if you could work out what's been installed you could recreate it for udoo.
As the website says: Kano is a full-featured operating system for Raspberry Pi. I didn't try myself but i guess no. But peter was right thought: you can use a basic Debian flavor and install all the extra packages for Kano.